African Tripoints -Extra

Supplementary Information

Treaty and maps where available are listed below

NumberNameCountries Treaties and Maps
1AOCDCGAngola – Democratic Republic of the Congo –
Republic of the Congo		France/Portugal Accords 1884 1885 1886 and Border Treaty 1901. Ratified in 1960 and 1975
2AOCDZMAngola – Democratic Republic of the Congo – ZambiaAnglo-Portugal and Belgium border commissions 1914.
Ratified in 1960 and 1975.
3AONAZMAngola – Namibia – ZambiaFirst demarcated provisionally by 1931 Anglo – South Africa beacon # 9
Anglo-Portugal accord 1954. Demarcation 1964. Ratified: 1964 and 1990.
4BFBJNEBenin – Burkina Faso – NigerICJ BJNE decision 2005
5BFBJTGBenin – Burkina Faso – Togo1912 DE/FR delimitation point #109
6BFCIGHBurkina Faso – Ivory Coast – GhanaAnglo/French note 1905
Map 1
7BFCIMLBurkina Faso – Ivory Coast – MaliMap 1
8BFGHTGBurkina Faso – Ghana – Togo
9BFMLNEBurkina Faso – Mali – NigerICJ BFML judgment 1986
10BICDRWBurundi – Democratic Republic of the Congo
– Rwanda		 Belgian colonial delimitation 1949
11BICDTZBurundi – Democratic Republic of the Congo
– Tanzania 
12BIRWTZBurundi – Rwanda – TanzaniaFixed by Belgian ordinance of 1949
13BJNENGBenin – Niger – NigeriaInitially set by Anglo – French agreements 1898 & 1906. Fixed the ICJ BJNE judgment 2005
14BWNAZABotswana – Namibia – South AfricaCreated by independence of namibia in 1990, based on colonial demarcation from 1895.
15BWNAZMBotswana – Namibia – Zambia
16BWZAZWBotswana – South Africa – ZimbabweEstablished in 1966 based on colonial demarcation of 1898.
17BWZMZWBotswana – Zambia – Zimbabwe
18CDCFCGCentral African Republic – Democratic Republic of the Congo – Republic of the CongoEstablished since independence of CD in 1960, based on  BEFR agreements of 1894 & 1887.
19CDCFSSCentral African Republic – Democratic Republic of the Congo – South SudanEstablished in 1899.
20CDRWUGDemocratic Republic of the Congo – Rwanda – Uganda Established by bilateral delimitations completed in 1915, inherited in 1960 by CD independence  
21CDSSUGDemocratic Republic of the Congo – South Sudan – UgandaBEGB & British delimitations of 1913.
22CDTZZMDemocratic Republic of the Congo – Tanzania – ZambiaEstablished in 1964 with the independence of ZM, based on the DEGB (1890) and BEGB (1894) accords.
Map 1
23CFCGCMCameroon – Central African Republic – Republic of the CongoEstablished in 1960, based on pre-existing colonial demarcation from 1926.
24CFCMTDCameroon – Central African Republic – ChadEstablished in 1960, based on pre-existing colonial demarcation from 1942.
25CFSDSSCentral African Republic –  South Sudan – SudanEstablished in July 2011, based in previous inter regional boundaries.
26CFSDTDCentral African Republic – Chad – Sudan Established in 1960.
27CGCMGACameroon – Gabon – Republic of the Congo
Established in 1960, based on pre-existing colonial demarcation from 1910. DEFR accord 1908.
28CIGNLRIvory Coast – Guinea – LiberiaEstablished in 1960, based on pre-existing colonial demarcation from FRLR accord 1892. Possible FRLR BM.
29CIGNMLIvory Coast – Guinea – MaliEstablished in 1960.
Map 1
30CMGAGQCameroon – Equatorial Guinea – GabonEstablished in 1960, based on pre-existing colonial demarcation from 1885.
31CMNGTDCameroon – Chad – NigeriaEstablished in 1891. FRGB 1906 & DEFR 1908 accords. FRGB Agreement. 1931.
32DJERETDjibouti – Eritrea – EthiopiaETIT 1908 accord.  Mount Musa Ali (2028m) established by the Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission (2002).  Near BM#92 DJET
33DJETSODjibouti – Ethiopia – SomaliaFRGB 1888 accord
34DZEHMAAlgeria – Morocco – Western SaharaThe DZEH boundary was delimited and demarcated by a Franco–Spanish boundary commission in the early 1900s and again from 1956–1958 and is marked by two boundary markers. One might be the TP.
35DZEHMRAlgeria – Mauritania – Western Sahara
36DZLYNEAlgeria – Libya – NigerEstablished in 1960.
37DZLYTNAlgeria – Libya – TunisiaEstablished in 1956. French mapping 1886 & 1910. DZTN pillar #1 1970
38DZMLNEAlgeria – Mali – NigerEstablished in 1960.
39DZMLMRAlgeria – Mali – MauritaniaEstablished in 1960. ESFR accord 1904. French executive decision 1911. Map 1
40EGLYSDEgypt – Libya – SudanTripoint was fixed by 1925 Italo Egyptian treaty.
41ERETSDEritrea – Ethiopia – Sudan GBIT 1903 commission
42ETKESOEthiopia – Kenya – Somalia
43ETKESSEthiopia – Kenya – South Sudan
44ETSDSSEthiopia – Sudan – South SudanEstablished July 2011.
45GNGWSNGuinea – Guinea-Bissau – SenegalEstablished 1958.
46GNLRSLGuinea – Liberia – Sierra LeoneMarked by cairn or pillar 1 of the 1911 Anglo – Liberian survey
47GNMLSNGuinea – Mali – SenegalEstablished 1960 based on colonial administrative divisions from 1915. Map 1
48KESSUGKenya – South Sudan – Uganda.Established 1962. Based on British administrative divisions from 1926. Map 1
49KETZUGKenya – Tanzania – UgandaEstablished in 1962. Based on British administrative divisions from 1919. Map 1
50LYNETDChad – Libya –  NigerEstablished in 1960.
51LYSDTDChad – Libya – SudanA tripoint since Egyptian independence in 1922. Marked with a cairn in 1923.
52MLMRSNMali – Mauritania – SenegalEstablished in 1960. Based on French administrative divisions from 1913.
53MWMZTZMalawi – Mozambique – TanzaniaEstablished in 1961. Based on 1907 demarcations.
54MWMZZMMalawi – Mozambique – ZambiaThe 1904 demarcation was approved by an Anglo–Portuguese agreement of October 21–November 20, 1911.
55MWTZZMMalawi – Tanzania – ZambiaAnglo–German protocol of November 11, 1898, agreed that Nankungulu was located on the watershed of the Congo basin in accordance with the terms of the agreement of July 1, 1890. Marked with a pillar #2.
56MZZASZnMozambique – South Africa – Eswatini (north)Established in 1961. GBPT accord of 1869.
57MZZASZsMozambique – South Africa – Eswatini (south)Established in 1961. GBPT accord of 1891. Map 1
58MZZAZWMozambique – South Africa – ZimbabweEstablished in 1961.
59MZZMZWMozambique – Zambia – ZimbabweEstablished in 1964. GBPT accord 1891. GBPT BM#1 on the south bank 200m east.
60NENGTDChad – Niger – NigeriaEstablished in 1960. FRGB border accord 1906 .
61RWTZUGRwanda – Tanzania – UgandaThe Anglo – German agreement of 1910
Anglo – Belgian protocol 1924

Map of African Tripoints

Northern Africa

Southern Africa

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References

  • African tripoints. Text by Michael Donner. Edited by Jesper Nielsen Details here

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